IPA STAFF AND ASSOCIATES IN RESIDENCE

David Mammen, President, was appointed President of the Institute of Public Administration (IPA) in February 1994. Mr. Mammen joined IPA in 1979 after earning a Master's degree in city planning from the University of Pennsylvania and working for one year in the City of Philadelphia Office of Housing and Community Development. At IPA, he served as deputy director of a study of the Tri-State Regional Planning Commission, the largest metropolitan planning organization in the U.S.

He was a Fulbright Research Scholar in Japan in 1986 and has since returned to Japan more than 40 times for research and conferences. His report Making Tokyo a World City was published in Japanese in 1989 by the National Institute for Research Advancement, a Japanese foundation. He directed a three-year project "Dialogue and Exchange of Public Works Officials in the U.S. and Japan," in partnership with the American Public Works Association and the Japan Ministry of Construction; the project was funded by the United States-Japan Foundation. He has directed a three-year project to link urban planners in the United States and Japan with their counterparts in China through a series of seminars, workshops, study tours and research activities, funded by the Japan Foundation Center for Global Partnership. He directed a four-year IPA collaboration with the Institute of Finance and Trade Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, on studies of urban land use and management in China, financed by The Ford Foundation. During 1995, Mr. Mammen led IPA's efforts to assist in the recovery and reconstruction of Kobe, following the Great Hanshin Earthquake. Mr. Mammen has organized and led professional study tours concerned with urban development in the United States, Japan, China, Hong Kong, and Sweden, and he has helped to organize several international conferences. Since 1994 he has served as Chair of the International Division of the American Planning Association, which publishes the quarterly newsletter Interplan. He is a member of the U.S. national preparatory committee for HABITAT II, representing the APA.

Annmarie H. Walsh, Luther H. Gulick Scholar in Residence, is a former IPA President and now serves on the Board of Trustees. She has more than twenty years experience managing large scale, cross-cultural programs in the U.S., Europe, Asia, and Africa. Her primary focus has been on public administration and management, public corporations, urban management, public finance, and personnel issues. She has designed and managed training and exchange programs, including workshops, seminars, study tours and exchanges for public officials in the U.S. and such overseas locations as the Czech and Slovak Republics, Poland, Indonesia, and Bangladesh. Dr. Walsh has designed and delivered technical assistance to national, state and municipal level officials in the U.S. and abroad, particularly in the areas of personnel, contracting and procurement, and urban capital financing systems. She has advised U.S. cities on economic development initiatives and public-private investment partnerships. She has written extensively on many of these subjects. She is the author of The Public's Business: The Politics and Practices of Government Corporations (MIT Press, 1978), The Urban Challenge to Government: An International Comparison of Thirteen Cities (Praeger, 1969), and many other articles, book chapters and papers. In her teaching, she is particularly noted for offering practical approaches to improving urban management. Dr. Walsh received her Master's degree and Ph.D. in Public Law and Government from Columbia University.

Kozo Aoyama, Senior Staff, is an urban and regional planner from Nagoya City, Japan. He joined IPA in 1993 as a research associate, and became senior staff in 1997. Mr.Aoyama's recent work at IPA focuses on information technology industry growth, regional economic revitalization, urban center revitalization and performance measurement in the U.S.. He travels thoughouth the United States to conduct his research to cities including, Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, San Diego, Denver, Dallas, Austin, Atlanta, Minneapolis, Raleigh/Durham, Washington D.C., Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, and Boston. He compiles information on the experiences of these cities and reports to IPA's clients. From 1976 - 1992 he was a staff member at the Research Institute for Regional Planning and Development in Nagoya, Japan. He directed numerous research studies of planning issues in the Nagoya metropolitan region. Examples of this research include, a study on regional development associated with the Chubu New International Airport, research and planning for the area along Tokai Circular Highway, and a 21st Century Vision of Chubu Region. Mr. Aoyama holds a Master degree of Urban Planning (MUP) from the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University and Bachelors degree in Architecture and Urban Planning from Nagoya University. He is fluent in both English and Japanese.

Yoshihiro Asano, Senior Staff, is an urban planner. He has over twenty years of professional experience in research and technical assistance in the fields of urban planning and international development. Dr. Asano received a Ph.D. in City and Regional Planning from University of Pennsylvania. As a consultant, he has worked on a variety of technical assistance projects funded by multilateral and bilateral donor agencies. One of the recent projects is the City Development Strategy (CDS) in East Asia (1999) funded by the World Bank. The CDS is the World Bank's new approach to assisting sustainable urban development. The World Bank selected 11 cities from 5 countries in East Asia, including China, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines and Vietnam, to implement the CDS pilot exercise. Dr. Asano has made significant efforts to assist the cities and local governments to formulate their development strategy through local initiatives. He organized a series of workshops with participation of stakeholders from the public and private sectors. He also proposed urban indicators to measure achievement and capacity of local government in terms of four criteria: livability, competitiveness, good governance and finance. As an urban planner, Dr. Asano participated in the project, Regional Development Study for Batangas Region in the Philippines (1997), funded by Overseas Economic Cooperation Fund (OECF). In this project, he prepared a comprehensive development strategy for the region, with emphasis on balanced development between social environment and economic growth. In addition, he has been involved in many official development assistance projects funded by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). Since 1998, Dr. Asano has served as an Adjunct Associate Professor of Urban Planning in Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, occasionally giving lectures and speeches in classes, seminars and conferences, regarding contemporary issues on urban planning and international development. Dr. Asano's major research interest is socio-cultural interpretation of urban transformation in the context of economic globalization.

Abhishek Bhasin, Controller/Assistant Treasurer, is responsible for all aspects of IPA's financial management, including the financial administration of the overseas projects. He has seven years of professional financial management experience, including working as Systems Consultant for Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu and as Financial Consultant for short-term projects in Russia and Kosovo. He is also the co-founder of VC2K.com, an Internet venture capital firm. Mr. Bhasin also worked for Development Alternatives, Inc., in various roles as an internal auditor, where he audited and implemented over 15 different long-term accounting systems at various overseas locations based on each projects needs. His key areas of expertise are financial analysis, forecasting, financial modeling, cash flow analysis, budgeting, financial reporting, cash management, valuations and system implementations. He has an M.B.A. degree from the University of Maryland at College Park, and a B.S. in Accounting from George Mason University. He is fluent in Hindi.

Debora Brakarz, Project Coordinator, is responsible for the development and administration of IPA's international projects, and for the recruitment of associates. She has worked as Program Coordinator Assistant for the Rio de Janeiro Urban Upgrading Program, an urban poverty alleviation program financed by the Inter-American Development Bank in Brazil; and also as Program Coordinator for the E.U./U.S. Transatlantic Civil Servant Exchange Program organized by the Ukrainian Academy of Public Administration and the Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at NYU. In addition, she has worked as Business Development Assistant for the International Resources Group in Washington, DC, and as translator for the World Bank. She is currently pursuing a Master of Public Administration degree at the Wagner School, specializing in the management of public and nonprofit organizations, and focusing on international development and poverty alleviation. She received a B.A. degree in Sociology and International Development Studies from McGill University, Canada. In addition to English, Ms. Brakarz speaks Portuguese, French, and Spanish.

William Cassella, Senior Associate, served for 16 years as Executive Director of the National Municipal League (now the National Civic League), the oldest organization in the U.S. devoted to improving state and local government and responsible citizen participation in government. He coordinated the League's project to prepare revised editions of the Model City Charter and the Model County Charter, which have been used throughout the U.S. and Canada to help citizens and public officials revise their charters and change their form of government. He also headed the League's projects on Metropolitan Areas and directed the design and drafting of the Model State Constitution. Dr. Cassella is chairman of the Westchester County (NY) Planning Board. Westchester County, New York, recently awarded its highest honor to Dr. Cassella: selection for induction to the Senior Citizens Hall of Fame with special honors denoting his lifetime achievements in improving the county.In 1989 he participated in the International Conference on China's Urban Problems, in Beijing. In 1991 he led a delegation of urban management experts to China for discussions with urban officials in several cities, and in 1993 was a participant in the International Seminar on the Internationalization of Wuhan. Dr. Cassella has an M.P.A. from Syracuse University and an A.M. and Ph.D. from Harvard University.

Christina Delius, Research Associate, is originally from Hamburg, Germany and received a Master's degree in urban planning at the University of Kassel. In 1998 she was selected to receive the DAAD scholarship to study at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation at Columbia University. At IPA she has conducted research on topics such as governance, immigration, decentralization and growth management. Before joining IPA she was a Planning Assistant at the Wandsworth Borough Council in London and worked at Stattbau, a non-profit housing organization in Berlin. At the University of Kassel Ms. Delius was part of a research group studying Global Cities.

Lizabeth Kingsley, Senior Staff, is responsible for development and administration of IPA's financial management and public administration reform projects that provide assistance to governments in Central and Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, Asia and Africa. Ms. Kingsley received an M.P.A. degree from the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University and a B.A. degree in Political Science and French from Mount Holyoke College.

Seung-Ho Lee, Research Associate, joined IPA in September 1995 after working in the New York State Legislative Commission on Critical Transportation Choices. Dr. Lee specializes in intergovernmental relations and state and local politics in the United States. He currently works on IPA's projects related to local governance, state-local relations, emergency management, and information technology in the United States and Korea. He is mainly responsible for developing IPA's research and training programs in East Asia, particularly in Korea. Dr. Lee received his Ph.D. degree in Political Science from the State University of New York at Albany in 1995. He is bilingual in Korean and English.

Ernest J. Leonardo, IPA Senior Staff, has over 20 years experience in city planning, working both as a Senior Planner/Manager in local government in the United States, and as an international planning consultant in Africa, South America, Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the South Pacific. He began his professional career working as a Peace Corps volunteer for the Ministry of Planning in the Ivory Coast for three years, where he developed design and finance programs for rural and urban community development projects. Returning to the United States, he joined the Philadelphia City Planning Commission, first serving as Principal Planner for a series of Waterfront Redevelopment Plans, and later as Head of the Economic Development Unit, which analyzed the economic impact of major public/private projects proposed for the City. From 1984 to 2001 he served as Director of the Strategic Planning and Policy Division, which produces analyses and plans on a rich variety of urban issues, and which prepares and evaluates the $4 billion capital program and budget for the city. For the past 10 years, Mr. Leonardo has been called upon by the World Bank, United Nations and U. S. Agency for International Development to share his experience with his counterparts in major cities in developing countries throughout the world. He has worked on projects relating to planning, fiscal reform and community development. He is currently serving as Senior Advisor to the Governments of Uganda and Rwanda on issues and policies relating to fiscal decentralization, urban planning, capital programming, and economic development. Mr. Leonardo has a Master of City Planning and an M.A. in Regional Science/Economics from the University of Pennsylvania.

Richard May, Senior Associate, is a professional urban and regional planner with many years of experience in U.S. and international planning agencies and as a partner in consulting firms in New York and Washington, DC. He assisted the United Nations Centre for Housing, Building and Planning in preparing the documentation for both the Stockholm and Vancouver Conferences on Human Settlements. In 1975 he joined the staff of the Centre as Technical Advisor and supervised projects in Latin America and Africa. Mr. May has served as staff planner in the planning departments of Detroit, Philadelphia and New York City. Following his tenure as Planning Director of Rockland County, N.Y., Mr. May directed a regional project in Yugoslavia and then consulted for the World Bank on a number of urban and regional development projects. From 1985-1990 he chaired the International Division of the American Planning Association, publishing a quarterly newsletter and organizing international sessions at national planning conferences. Mr. May is a member of the Habitat International Coalition and of the U.N. Non-Governmental Organization Committee on Shelter and Community, and he has represented the Committee as an observer and participant at U.N. conference sessions in New York. He was a member of the IPA team which prepared a background report for the U.N. Habitat II conference. Professor May recently completed a report entitled, Living Conditions of Older Persons in Human Settlements.Mr. May studied at the London School of Economics as a Fulbright Scholar, and he has an M.C.P. from Columbia University.

Lite Otoo, Project Coordinator, is responsible for contract backstopping IPA's international public administration projects, recruiting of associates, and various other aspects of international project development and management. Ms. Otoo is from Ghana and has experience working in the area of socio-economic development in her home country. Ms. Otoo has worked as a research officer with UNESCO-Ghana where she conducted a survey and wrote a report on Children's Publishing in Ghana; the report was used as a basis to form a Working Group to address the problems facing publishers of children's books. She has also worked with Radio Ada, a community radio broadcasting station in Ghana working in the area of community development through the broadcasting of civic educational programs in underdeveloped areas. She graduated with a B.Sc. degree in Biological Sciences from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology in Kumasi, Ghana, and is now in the Master of Public Administration, Public and Nonprofit Management and Policy, degree program at the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service, as an African Public Service Fellow (Mandela Fellow). She is specializing in International Management and Policy. She is fluent in Twi and Fante.

Rudy Runko, IPA Senior Staff, is directing a team advising on public sector accounting reform in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzogovina and the Republika Srpska. Previously, Rudy Runko has been advisor to Uzbekistan's Ministry of Finance (MOF) for the development of open budgeting and treasury systems. Mr. Runko has drafted a State Finance (Budget Process) Law , including new roles and processes for local budgeting and intergovernmental transfers to generate decentralization. The Law is being considered by the Cabinet of Ministers. He also completed a first draft of a Treasury Law. He has designed an expenditure classification system and a revenue classification system with accompanying agency program structures for several ministries. In addition, he has designed and conducted training seminars for local and central officials in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan on topics including program analysis and evaluation, local government budget issues, and the proposed State Finance and Treasury Laws, and he has written several editions of a Budget Analyst's Manual which has been translated into Russian and Uzbek. Mr. Runko's assignment has been extended by USAID 3 times. This effort is part of a USAID Fiscal Reform Project in the New Independent States.

Elliot G. Sander, Director, Center for Transportation Policy and Management, has had a distinguished career in public service, primarily in the field of transportation. His most recent official post was Commissioner of the New York City Department of Transportation for Mayor Rudolph Giuliani (1994-1996). As CEO of the largest urban, multi-modal transportation agency in the U.S., Mr. Sander oversaw a staff of 6,500 persons, a combined operating and capital budget of $1.1 billion, and was responsible for the City's 18,000 mile local and secondary road system, its 220 mile arterial highway system, 830 bridges and tunnels, the Staten Island Ferry, and the City-owned, privately operated bus system, collectively the eighth largest bus system in the country. Under Sander's tenure, the performance of the Department improved significantly while the organization sustained a 20% reduction in personnel and budget. This effort received extensive civic, governmental, and media recognition at the local, regional, and national levels. Sander also founded the National Association of City Transportation Officials (NACTO), which represents the cities of Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Philadelphia, and New York in the area of national transportation policy and urban technology transfer. Sander now directs the Center of Transportation Policy and Management, a collaborative effort with IPA, the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service at New York University, and Polytechnic University. The Center engages in research and education on urban transportation policy and management issues.

William Shore, Senior Associate, joined IPA in January 1996 after serving the Regional Plan Association (RPA) for 35 years. For RPA, he pioneered approaches to public participation in planning in several capacities, most recently as Senior Fellow. Before joining RPA he was publications director for the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA) and managing editor of Public Administration Review. Mr. Shore recently completed a book on campaigns to implement RPA's Second Regional Plan. His article, "Recentralization: The Single Answer to More Than a Dozen U.S. Problems and a Major Answer to Poverty," was published in the Autumn 1995 Journal of the American Planning Association. At IPA, he is working on a new book that will try to distill the essence of democratic decision-making, examining the process of compromise in a family, a village, Congress or the U.N., then evaluating current practices--including private enterprise as well as politics, legislatures and administration. He was educated at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University, Manchester University in England, and the University of Minnesota.

Paul Smoke, Senior Associate, and Associate Professor at the Robert F. Wagner Graduate School at New York University. His interests include urban and regional development, public finance and public sector decentralization.  He has been involved over nearly twenty years in various places on these issues, including Kenya, Indonesia, Cambodia, India, Uganda, South Africa, Ethiopia, Vietnam, Palestine, USA, Brazil, and Egypt. He has worked extensively with international organizations, including the World Bank, UN Development Program, UN Capital Development Fund, UN Center for Human Settlements, US Agency for International Development, the Inter-American Development Bank, and GTZ (German Aid Agency). His current efforts include assisting UNCDF in the development of Local Development Funds for infrastructure in a number of countries, coordinating for MIT a UNDP-funded comparative research project on successful decentralization, leading an IPA team advising the World Bank on the development of municipal reform programs in East Africa, assisting UNCHS and UNDP in the design of a local economic development program in Indonesia, and working with South Africa's Department of Constitutional Development and Department of Finance on intergovernmental fiscal reform under USAID sponsorship. Publications include a book on local government finance in Kenya and articles in World Development, Public Administration and Development, Third World Planning Review, African Urban Quarterly, Public Budgeting and Finance, Economic Development Quarterly, the International Journal of Public Administration, and the Journal of Developing Areas.

Patrick Sommerville, Manager of International Projects, has thorough experience managing USAID projects and a strong background in development policy. Mr. Sommerville has a Masters of Public Administration, specializing in International Public and Nonprofit Management, from New York University's Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service. At IPA, Mr. Sommerville has worked on project development, management, budgeting, procurement, logistics, and development of promotional materials. He has completed a program evaluation of a USAID-funded project in the Republic of Georgia for the United Methodist Committee on Relief (UMCOR), and has served as a consultant to the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in New York. Mr. Sommerville has expertise in information technology, serving as an IT Specialist for New York University's Office of International Programs. As a Peace Corps Volunteer in Mongolia, he served as Field Coordinator for the Trickle-Up micro-finance program, trained teachers at the Mongolian National University, developed curricula, and arranged teacher-training seminars throughout the countryside. Additionally, he has held positions teaching for United Refugee Service and the Abraham Lincoln School for New Immigrants and Refugees. Mr. Sommerville has over five years of experience working with refugees and displaced populations, and is fluent in Mongolian and functional in Spanish.

John Tabor, IPA Senior Staff, currently serves as the Director of Technical Services for the project for the Development of the Foundation for Local Government Innovation in Indonesia (funded by the USAID), which - among others - established a Center for Local Government Innovation. Mr. Tabor recently served as Chief of Party of the Local Government Reform Project in Moldova, funded by USAID - a five-year project that helped establish legislation to empower local government and provide technical assistance and training to build local government capacity. He also served as an executive management trainer on IPA's Central Government Project in Macedonia. He has outstanding skills in guiding the work of others and successfully leading collaborative work with international participants. Mr. Tabor's career has been focused on strengthening institutions involved in economic development and public management, working with U.S. urban and local governments, local and regional agencies and firms in Latin America and Asia. He has directed a major U.S. training institute, and has organized, supervised, evaluated and delivered technical assistance and training in diverse cultures, languages and conditions. His project management skills are proven through his experience as chief-of-party for AID sponsored projects in Pakistan and Indonesia.

Thomas W. Wahman, Senior Associate, assists with strategic planning, project development and institutional development. Before joining IPA in 1996, Mr. Wahman served as President and Managing Director of the Resources Development Foundation (RDF), an international non-profit organization that established pilot agricultural biotechnology, renewable energy, energy efficiency, wastewater reclamation and reuse, and public finance projects and programs in Africa, South America, Asia and Central and Eastern Europe. From 1968 to 1989, Mr. Wahman was a Staff Associate in the Rockefeller Family Philanthropic Office, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund and the Rockefeller Family Fund. He also has served as a consultant to the Charles Stewart Mott Foundation, John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and other foundations, trusts and corporations.

SELECTED IPA ASSOCIATES

IPA retains a roster of associates whose special expertise helps to tailor each project team to the particular problems, cultures and languages involved. IPA recruits associates from various universities, governments, and nongovernmental organizations. Following are illustrative examples of associates working on current or recent IPA projects.

Enid Beaumont, IPA Associate, has worked on municipal association development in Croatia as part of the USAID-funded Local Government Development Initiative in Central and Eastern Europe. Dr. Beaumont also led the IPA team on a Public Administration Reform Project in Macedonia, major goals of which were to establish a modern, formal civil service system, and develop ethics standards for government officials, administrative procedures for government, and mechanisms for citizen participation in government activities. Dr. Beaumont was Director of the Academy for State and Local Government (1982-1995) where she directed research and developed consensus among seven government associations on a wide range of public policy issues. She also served as Fellow at the Center for Advanced Public Management, Syracuse University, and at the Center for the Study of American Government of Johns Hopkins University. She has worked overseas in Decentralization Projects in the Philippines (1994) and Iran (1976), and recently served in management development programs in Korea, China, and Japan. She also has successful experience in public sector human resource management in New York City Government, at USAID (Senior Analyst, 1966-1968), and with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. As Assistant Director of the International Personnel Management Association, she served as liaison to the reform of the federal civil service in 1976-1978. Dr. Beaumont has a Ph.D. in Public Administration from New York University.

John Doane, IPA Senior Associate, is a senior local government specialist with 30 years of experience in local government management and consulting for public service organizations. He has served in Romania as Resident Advisor for Personnel and Management Information Systems for the USAID Local Democracy and Public Administration Project, where he prepared and conducted workshops for local government officials on topics such as public management, performance evaluation, and effective supervisory practices. As Resident Advisor and Eastern Slavonia District supervisor in Croatia, he developed and implemented a USAID local democracy and public administration project in the northeastern region of the country. As Chief of Party in Armenia, he managed implementation of the USAID-funded Local Government Program that had three components: decentralization of decision-making and administration, strengthening the capacity of cities to deliver essential services, and promoting public participation in democratic governance. Mr. Doane was an advisor to the City of Warsaw on matters related to the structure of local government, economic development, personnel systems, environmental programs, and budget practices, and worked throughout Poland with the Foundation in Support of Local Democracy. He is presently serving as a short-term advisor in Bosnia where he has developed a capital needs budget and is helping to build local capacities in public works/utilities management in the District of Brcko. Mr. Doane's overseas work builds on his experience as the chief executive officer in charge of managing five municipal governments in the U.S. Mr. Doane has an M.A. in Public Administration from the University of Virginia.

Winston Evans, IPA Associate, has extensive international experience providing technical assistance and training to local government officials in budgeting and financial management. Recent assignments (sponsored by USAID and The World Bank) include assessing finance and budgeting structures, capabilities, and needs of municipalities and training in Romania, Poland, Slovak Republic, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Georgia, Croatia, Montenegro and Uganda. In the United States, Mr. Evans served as a local government executive for 15 years in 6 different departments with experience in line and staff positions; managed annual department budgets of up to $13.3 million and supervised diverse professional and clerical staff of 240; directed public financing of a variety of capital improvement programs and retained the City's AAA bond rating for 15 years; briefed elected officials, executives, rating agencies, peers and the public on finance, management and policy issues; and trained in program and performance budgeting, privatization, Total Quality Management, strategic planning and customer focused customer service. He has extensive experience directing long range financial planning/budgeting, revenue collections, investments, cash and debt management, capital improvements financing, right-of-way management, purchasing, risk management, accounting and citizen participation activities. Mr. Evans has a Master of Political Science degree from Auburn University and a Master of Arts for Teachers degree in History from Indiana University.

Jonathan Gaciala, IPA Associate, worked with the Ministry of Finance of the Government of Moldova in 1994-1995 to create a new treasury system. This work involved providing assistance in developing the following management systems: new procedures to execute the budget; norms and procedures for internal audits; instructions for Treasury staff, spending units, and line ministries regarding responsibilities and requirements; and providing on-the-job training for these staff on expenditure approval, cash flow forecasting and management, and internal controls. In the spring of 1994, IPA conducted a technical training program combining classroom and on-the-job activities for six Ministry of Finance officials responsible for the implementation and operation of the new Moldovan Treasury. Mr. Gaciala served as technical trainer and traveled with the group to site visits in New York City, Albany, and Washington, DC. Mr. Gaciala is currently the Assistant State Comptroller for Illinois. From 1984-1993 he served as Chief Financial Officer to the Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs where he was responsible for all budgetary development and control; all accounting, GAAP and other financial reporting; all cash, revenue, and bonded debt management and federal cost allocation. Mr. Gaciala received an M.B.A and completed Ph.D. coursework in Economics at the University of Kentucky.

Leonardo G. Romeo, IPA Associate. A planner/civil engineer by training, Mr. Romeo is a policy analyst specializing in public sector decentralization and local governments and a development project planner & manager with over 20 years of hands-on experience. Its main interests and consulting specialties include (i) decentralization reforms with focus on improvement of local-level development planning, programming and budgeting processes, (ii) design, management and evaluation of local-level capital development projects, (iii) institutional innovation in provision and production of local public goods and services (municipal enterprises, multi-jurisdictional and inter-governmental co-operation, public-private partnerships). Before joining IPA , Mr. Romeo was Principal Technical Adviser for local development planning with the United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF) where his responsibilities included the technical-economic-institutional appraisal of urban and rural development programs in Africa, Asia and Latin America and where he developed innovative projects to support decentralization reforms and the capital development requirements of emerging local authorities. Mr. Romeo has over 10 years of experience in resident field assignments in Africa and Central America and has worked for the Italian Technical Assistance program and several international organizations including the UN, UNCHS, UNDP and the World Bank.

Graham Watt, IPA Associate, has 18 years of hands-on experience as a city and urban county manager. He was President of the National Training and Development Service for State and Local Government in 1975-1978. This experience is combined with demonstrated capabilities to advise and assist others in his role as management consultant since 1982. As an IPA Associate, he has worked with the Institute for Local Administration in Prague and Benesov and with the Institute for Public Administration in Bratislava to develop local government training in city management, including financial management. He directed training, and training-of-trainers in public procurement practices for Czech local governments. He participated, with two other IPA Associates, in a series of Urban Management Workshops in China. Watt has organized and led workshops and seminars overseas and in the US. In 1970-73 he was Deputy Mayor-Administrator of the District of Columbia (appointed by the President), and in 1973-75 was Director of the Office of Revenue Sharing, US Department of the Treasury.

IPA BOARD OF TRUSTEES

Peter J. Johnson, Chair. Associate, Rockefeller Financial Services Corporation; Advisory Board, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University.

Matthew Nimetz, Vice Chair. Partner, General Atlantic Partners LP; formerly Partner, Paul, Weiss Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison; former Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology; Special Envoy for the Secretary General of the United Nations for Greece and Macedonia; Chairman of the Center for Democracy and Reconciliation in Southern Europe.

I. John Klipper. Treasurer. President and CEO, Romanian American Enterprise Fund; formerly President and CEO, IVEX Corporation; formerly President and CEO, Electronic Technologies, Inc.; formerly Vice President, Kidde, Inc.

Howard N. Mantel, Secretary. General Counsel, IPA; formerly, IPA Director of Government Programs (1960-72; 1975-93).

Harry G. Barnes, Jr. Director, Conflict Resolution and Human Rights Programs, Carter Center; formerly, U.S. Ambassador to Chile, India, and Romania.

Robert Berne.  Vice President for Academic Development and Professor of Public Administration, NYU.

Jo Ivey Boufford, M.D. Dean Emeritus, Wagner School at NYU; formerly, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Health in the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services; U.S. representative of the Executive Board of the WHO.

Mark W. Cannon. Vice Chairman, Cannon Industries; formerly, Administrative Assistant to the Chief Justice of the United States.

Sarah C. Carey. Partner and Chair of the CIS Trade and Investment Practice, Squire, Sanders & Dempsey; Board Chair, Eurasia Foundation; named by President Clinton to serve on the first Board of Directors of the Russian-American Enterprise Fund.

Michael J. DelGiudice. Managing Director, Millenium Credit Markets; formerly Managing Director, Lazard Freres & Co.; fornerly Chief of Staff to New York State Governor Mario Cuomo.

Dall W. Forsythe, Senior Fellow, Rockefeller Institute of Government, State University of New York; formerly, Lecturer in Public Policy, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University; Budget Director, New York State.

Louis J. Gambaccini. General Manager, Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority; formerly, IPA President (1988).

Bill Green. Attorney; formerly, eight-term Member, U.S. House of Representatives, representing New York City's 15th Congressional District.

Pearl H. Hack. Formerly, Board Member, Regional Plan Association; Development Director, Regional Plan Association.

Donald D. Kummerfeld. President and CEO, Magazine Publishers of America; formerly, First Deputy Mayor of New York; New York City Budget Director.

Melvin A. Mister. Senior Vice President, W.R. Lazard; former Vice President, Chase Municipal Securities, Inc.

Ingrid W. Reed. Director, New Jersey Project, Rutgers Eagleton Institute of Politics; formerly, Assistant Dean and Director of Administration, Woodrow Wilson School, Princeton University.

Dennis C. Smith.  Associate Professor and Director, Office of International Programs, The Wagner School at NYU.

Annmarie H. Walsh. Luther H. Gulick Scholar in Residence, IPA; formerly, IPA President (1982-88); IPA Senior Staff (1964-82).

Louis Winnick, Consultant, Fund for the City of New York; formerly, Deputy Vice President, Ford Foundation.